在Oracle的11g版本中，alert文件的位置发生了变化，与此同时Oracle提供了一个命令行工具ADRCI，它可以很便利的查看数据库中出现的异常。 通过这个小文儿给大家展示一下使用ADRCI (ADR Command Interface) 在11g中查看Oracle的警告日志的方法。
1.进入到adrci命令行模式
ora11g@RHEL53 /home/oracle$ which adrci
/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/1101/db/bin/adrci
ora11g@RHEL53 /home/oracle$ adrci -help
Syntax:
adrci [-help] [script=script_filename]
[exec = "one_command [;one_command;...]"]
Options Description (Default)
------------------------------------------------------
script script. file name (None)
help help on the command options (None)
exec exec a set of commands (None)
------------------------------------------------------
ora11g@RHEL53 /home/oracle$ adrci
ADRCI: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Beta on Fri Feb 27 15:23:52 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ADR base = "/oracle/u01/app/oracle"
adrci>
2.使用 help show alert 命令查看帮助文档
adrci> help
HELP [topic]
Available Topics:
CREATE REPORT
ECHO
EXIT
HELP
HOST
IPS
PURGE
RUN
SET BASE
SET BROWSER
SET CONTROL
SET ECHO
SET EDITOR
SET HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
SET TERMOUT
SHOW ALERT
SHOW BASE
SHOW CONTROL
SHOW HM_RUN
SHOW HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
SHOW INCDIR
SHOW INCIDENT
SHOW PROBLEM
SHOW REPORT
SHOW TRACEFILE
SPOOL
There are other commands intended to be used directly by Oracle, type
"HELP EXTENDED" to see the list
adrci> help show alert
Usage: SHOW ALERT [-p ] [-term]
[ [-tail [num] [-f]] | [-file ] ]
Purpose: Show alert messages.
Options:
[-p ]: The predicate string must be double quoted.
The fields in the predicate are the fields:
ORIGINATING_TIMESTAMP timestamp
NORMALIZED_TIMESTAMP timestamp
ORGANIZATION_ID text(65)
COMPONENT_ID text(65)
HOST_ID text(65)
HOST_ADDRESS text(17)
MESSAGE_TYPE number
MESSAGE_LEVEL number
MESSAGE_ID text(65)
MESSAGE_GROUP text(65)
CLIENT_ID text(65)
MODULE_ID text(65)
PROCESS_ID text(33)
THREAD_ID text(65)
USER_ID text(65)
INSTANCE_ID text(65)
DETAILED_LOCATION text(161)
UPSTREAM_COMP_ID text(101)
DOWNSTREAM_COMP_ID text(101)
EXECUTION_CONTEXT_ID text(101)
EXECUTION_CONTEXT_SEQUENCE number
ERROR_INSTANCE_ID number
ERROR_INSTANCE_SEQUENCE number
MESSAGE_TEXT text(2049)
MESSAGE_ARGUMENTS text(129)
SUPPLEMENTAL_ATTRIBUTES text(129)
SUPPLEMENTAL_DETAILS text(129)
PROBLEM_KEY text(65)
[-tail [num] [-f]]: Output last part of the alert messages and
output latest messages as the alert log grows. If num is not specified,
the last 10 messages are displayed. If "-f" is specified, new data
will append at the end as new alert messages are generated.
[-term]: Direct results to terminal. If this option is not specified,
the results will be open in an editor.
By default, it will open in emacs, but "set editor" can be used
to set other editors.
[-file ]: Allow users to specify an alert file which
may not be in ADR. must be specified with full path.
Note that this option cannot be used with the -tail option
Examples:
show alert
show alert -p "message_text like '%incident%'"
show alert -tail 20
adrci>
3.使用 show alert 列出各个目录下的日志目录，输入编号4，系统会自动调用vi编辑器查看数据库的alert日志
adrci> show alert
Choose the alert log from the following homes to view:
1: diag/tnslsnr/RHEL53/listener
2: diag/clients/user_unknown/host_411310321_11
3: diag/clients/user_oracle/host_2175824367_11
4: diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g
Q: to quit
Please select option:4
4.另外一种查看方式是，指定具体的 homepath 然后使用“show alert -tail 15”查看对应日志文件的后15行
adrci> show homepath
ADR Homes:
diag/tnslsnr/RHEL53/listener
diag/clients/user_unknown/host_411310321_11
diag/clients/user_oracle/host_2175824367_11
diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g
adrci> set homepath diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g
adrci> show alert -tail 15
2009-02-27 14:25:05.036000 +08:00
Starting background process SMCO
SMCO started with pid=21, OS id=3855
Starting background process FBDA
FBDA started with pid=22, OS id=3857
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
2009-02-27 14:25:07.246000 +08:00
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=23, OS id=3859
2009-02-27 14:25:17.325000 +08:00
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4096 MB is 0.00% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
2009-02-27 14:25:33.727000 +08:00
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN
2009-02-27 14:29:59.158000 +08:00
Starting background process CJQ0
CJQ0 started with pid=25, OS id=3892
adrci>
5.小结
使用ADRCI命令可以很好的对各个目录中的日志文件进行集中查看，可以有效的提高工作效率，赞一个，在高度紧张的问题处理环境中这个工具可以有效的提高问题诊断的效率。
Good luck.
secooler
12.04.01
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