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oracle怎么启用审计,开启oracle数据库审计功能

如何开启和关闭oracle数据库中的审计功能

在oracle11g中,数据库的审计功能是默认开启的(这和oracle10g的不一样,10g默认是关闭的),

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oracle11gr2的官方文档上写的是错的,当上说default是none,而且是审计到db级别的,这样就会

往aud$表里记录统计信息。

1.如果审计不是必须的,可以关掉审计功能;

sql

show

parameter

audit_trail;

name

type

value

------------------------------------

-----------

------------------------------

audit_trail

string

db

sql

alter

system

set

audit_trail=none

scope=spfile;

sql

shut

immediate;

sqlstartup

2.删除已有的审计信息

可以直接truncate表aud$,

truncate

table

sys.aud$;

3.或者将aud$表移到另外一个表空间下,以减少system表空间的压力和被撑爆的风险。

附:11g中有关audit_trail参数的设置说明:

audit_trail

property

description

parameter

type

string

syntax

audit_trail

=

{

none

|

os

|

db

[,

extended]

|

xml

[,

extended]

}

default

value

none

modifiable

no

basic

no

audit_trail

enables

or

disables

database

auditing.

values:

none

disables

standard

auditing.

this

value

is

the

default

if

the

audit_trail

parameter

was

not

set

in

the

initialization

parameter

file

or

if

you

created

the

database

using

a

method

other

than

database

configuration

assistant.

if

you

created

the

database

using

database

configuration

assistant,

then

the

default

is

db.

os

directs

all

audit

records

to

an

operating

system

file.

oracle

recommends

that

you

use

the

os

setting,

particularly

if

you

are

using

an

ultra-secure

database

configuration.

db

directs

audit

records

to

the

database

audit

trail

(the

sys.aud$

table),

except

for

records

that

are

always

written

to

the

operating

system

audit

trail.

use

this

setting

for

a

general

database

for

manageability.

if

the

database

was

started

in

read-only

mode

with

audit_trail

set

to

db,

then

oracle

database

internally

sets

audit_trail

to

os.

check

the

alert

log

for

details.

db,

extended

performs

all

actions

of

audit_trail=db,

and

also

populates

the

sql

bind

and

sql

text

clob-type

columns

of

the

sys.aud$

table,

when

available.

these

two

columns

are

populated

only

when

this

parameter

is

specified.

if

the

database

was

started

in

read-only

mode

with

audit_trail

set

to

db,

extended,

then

oracle

database

internally

sets

audit_trail

to

os.

check

the

alert

log

for

details.

xml

writes

to

the

operating

system

audit

record

file

in

xml

format.

records

all

elements

of

the

auditrecord

node

except

sql_text

and

sql_bind

to

the

operating

system

xml

audit

file.

xml,

extended

performs

all

actions

of

audit_trail=xml,

and

populates

the

sql

bind

and

sql

text

clob-type

columns

of

the

sys.aud$

table,

wherever

possible.

these

columns

are

populated

only

when

this

parameter

is

specified.

you

can

use

the

sql

audit

statement

to

set

auditing

options

regardless

of

the

setting

of

this

parameter.

如何开启数据库里某USER所有表的审计

您好,不知道你的数据库是什么?

Oracle的审计是放到AUD$表里面,需要sys权限。

查询审计:

select * from sys.aud$;

select returncode, action#, userid, userhost, terminal,timestamp from aud$。

SYS.AUD$ 是唯一保留审计结果的表。其它的都是视图。

STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP 包含有关审计选项类型代码的信息由SQL.BSQ 脚本在CREATEDATABASE 的时候创建

AUDIT_ACTIONS 包含对审计跟踪动作类型代码的说明

ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS 包含默认对象审计选项。当创建对象时将应用这些选项

DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS 描述由用户设置的跨系统的当前系统审计选项

DBA_PRIV_AUDIT_OPTS 描述由用户正在审计的跨系统的当前系统权限

DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS 描述在所有对象上的审计选项

USER_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS USER 视图描述当前用户拥有的所有对象上的审计选项

以下是审计记录

DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL 列出所有审计跟踪条目

USER_AUDIT_TRAIL USER视图显示与当前用户有关的审计跟踪条目

DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT 包含系统中所有对象的审计跟踪记录

USER_AUDIT_ OBJECT USER 视图列出一些审计跟踪记录而这些记录涉及当前用户可以访问的对象的语句

DBA_AUDIT_SESSION 列出涉及CONNECT 和DISCONNECT 的所有审计跟踪记录

USER_AUDIT_ SESSION USER视图列出涉及当前用户的CONNECT 和DISCONNECT 的所有审计跟踪记录

DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT 列出涉及数据库全部的GRANT REVOKE AUDIT NOAUDIT 和ALTER SYSTEM 语句的审计跟踪记录

USER_ AUDIT_ STATEMENT 对于USER 视图来说这些语句应是用户发布的

DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS 列出BY AUDIT NOT EXISTS 产生的审计跟踪条目

下面的视图用于细粒度审计

DBA_AUDIT_POLICIES 显示系统上的所有审计策略

DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL 列出基于值的审计的审计跟踪记录。

在oracle中开启审计功能

sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

show parameter audit

alter system set audit_sys_operations=TRUE scope=spfile;

alter system set audit_trail=DB scope=spfile;

shutdown immediate;

startup force;

Oracle 11g起audit是自动开启的。我很烦这个审计开启,审计日志半个月10G,烦烦烦。我一把都关闭Oracle的审计功能,提高Oracle的空闲率。


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