本篇文章为大家展示了怎么在Spring Boot中设置使用缓存,内容简明扼要并且容易理解,绝对能使你眼前一亮,通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
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几个缓存注解的作用:
@Cacheable:将方法的返回结果根据key指定的键保存在缓存中,以后要获取相同的数据直接从缓存中共获取
cacheNames/value:指定Cache组件名称
key:指定缓存时使用的key,默认使用方法参数值,可以使用#a0、#p0、#参数名等,支持SpEL表达式,root可省略
keyGenerator:指定key的生成器的组件id,如自定义的KeyGenerator
cacheManager:指定缓存管理器
cacheResolver:指定缓存解析器
condition:指定在哪种条件下缓存,如condition = “#id>=1”在参数>=1时缓存
unless:指定该条件为真时不缓存
sync:指定是否使用异步模式
@CachePut:不管缓存中是否有需要的数据,都会执行该注解标注的方法,并将结果更新到缓存,属性见上
@CacheEvit:执行方法后,清除key指定的缓存
allEntries:默认为false,值为true,删除所有缓存
beforeInvocation:默认为false,值为true,在方法调用之前清除缓存
@CacheConfig:定义一些通用或公共的规则,如cacheNames、keyGenerator等
可使用的SpEL表达式:
使用缓存的步骤:
(1)创建一个Spring Boot应用,勾选Cache、Web、MySQL、Mybatis模块,在主程序类上添加注解,开启基于注解的缓存
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.youngpain.cache.mapper") @SpringBootApplication @EnableCaching
(2)创建JavaBean,和数据库中的表对应,并配置数据源
spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_database username: root password: 1741248769 driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver redis: host: 39.108.114.57 #开启驼峰命名法 mybatis: configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true logging: level: com.youngpain.cache.mapper: debug
(3)创建mapper接口进行增删改查操作
/** * 部门表的增删改查操作 */ public interface DepartmentMapper { @Insert("insert into department(id,depart_name,depart_build) values(#{id},#{depart_name},#{depart_build})") void insertDepartment(Department department); @Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}") void deleteDepartment(Integer id); @Update("update department set depart_name=#{departName},depart_build=#{departBuild} where id=#{id}") void updateDepartment(Department department); @Select("select * from department where id=#{id}") Department getDepartmentById(Integer id); }
(4)创建service
@Service @CacheConfig(cacheNames = {"departs"}) public class DepartmentService { @Autowired DepartmentMapper departmentMapper; @Cacheable(key = "#a0.id") public void insertDepartment(Department department) { departmentMapper.insertDepartment(department); } @CacheEvict(key = "#p0") public void deleteDepartment(Integer id) { departmentMapper.deleteDepartment(id); } @CachePut(key = "#a0.id") public Department updateDepartment(Department department) { departmentMapper.updateDepartment(department); return department; } @Cacheable(key = "#id", condition = "#p0>=1") public Department getDepartmentById(Integer id) { return departmentMapper.getDepartmentById(id); } }
(5)创建controller
@Controller public class DepartmentController { @Autowired DepartmentService departmentService; @GetMapping("/index") public String index() { return "index"; } @GetMapping("/deleteDepart/{id}") public String deleteDepart(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Model model) { model.addAttribute("condition", "delete"); Department delete = departmentService.getDepartmentById(id); model.addAttribute("department", delete); departmentService.deleteDepartment(id); return "success"; } @PostMapping("/updateDepart") public String updateDepart(Department department, Model model) { model.addAttribute("condition", "update"); Department update = departmentService.updateDepartment(department); model.addAttribute("department", update); return "success"; } @GetMapping("/getDepart/{id}") public String getDepartmentById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Model model) { model.addAttribute("condition", "delete"); Department get = departmentService.getDepartmentById(id); model.addAttribute("department", get); return "success"; } }
(6)测试结果:
@Cacheable:第一次查询数据,控制台发出sql语句,之后再查询直接从缓存中获取
@CachePut:调用方法修改某个数据后,再次查询该数据是从缓存中获取的更新后的数据
@CacheEvict:调用该方法后,再次查询某个数据需要重新发出sql语句查询
springboot一种全新的编程规范,其设计目的是用来简化新Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程,SpringBoot也是一个服务于框架的框架,服务范围是简化配置文件。
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