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安装MySQL方法有多种方式，如下图：
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| 序号 | MySql安装方式 | 特点说明 |
| 1 | yum/rpm包安装 | 特点是简单、速度快，但是没法定制安装，入门新手常用这种方式 |
| 2 | 二进制安装 | 解压软件，简单配置后就可以使用，不用安装，速度较快，专业DNA喜欢这种方式。软件名如：mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6_x86_64.tar.gz |
| 3 | 源码编译安装 | 特点是可以定制安装，但是安装时间长，例如：字符集安装路径，等等。软件名称如：mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz |
| 4 | 源码软件结合yum/rpm安装 | 把源码软件制作成符合要求的rpm，放到yum仓库里，然后通过yum来安装。结合了上面1和3的优点，即安装快速，可做生意定制参数，但是安装者也需要具有更深能力 |
下面演示yum和编译安装：
一、yum安装
1、关闭iptables
[root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ] iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] [root@mysql ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop [root@mysql ~]# chkconfig iptables off
2、关闭SELinux
[root@mysql ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config [root@mysql ~]# setenforce usage: setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ] [root@mysql ~]# setenforce 0 [root@mysql ~]# getenforce Permissive
3、安装mysql
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
base/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:30
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 37 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 5.2 MB 00:43
...略
[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
#开机启动
[root@mysql ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
#查询是否开机启动
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@mysql ~]# service mysqld start
#启动服务
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
[root@mysql ~]# mysql
#进入mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> CREATE DATABASE wordpress;
#创建一个名称为wordpress的数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
#查询用户等信息
+------+-----------+----------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | mysql | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | mysql | |
+------+-----------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');
#查询用户的密码，都为空，用上面的命令设置root的密码为root
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
#再次查询发现password下面已有密码信息
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |
| root | mysql | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | mysql | |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql ~]#
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p
#用新密码登录
Enter password:
#填写密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
...略
mysql> exit
[root@mysql ~]#
[root@mysql ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
#/etc/my.cnf是mysql的主配置文件
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@mysql ~]#
[root@mysql ~]# ls -l /var/lib/mysql/
#mysql数据库的数据库文件存放位置
total 20492
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 10485760 May 16 22:30 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 May 16 22:30 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 May 16 22:30 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 May 16 22:30 mysql
srwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 0 May 16 22:30 mysql.sock
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 May 16 22:30 test
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 May 16 22:33 wordpress
[root@mysql ~]#
[root@mysql ~]# ls /var/log/
#日志文件存放位置
anaconda.ifcfg.log anaconda.yum.log dmesg mysqld.log tallylog
anaconda.log audit dmesg.old ntpstats wtmp
anaconda.program.log boot.log dracut.log prelink yum.log
anaconda.storage.log btmp lastlog sa
anaconda.syslog ConsoleKit maillog secure
anaconda.xlog cron messages spooler
[root@mysql ~]#
[root@mysql ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 3306
#查看mysql端口侦听状态
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2053/mysqld
[root@mysql ~]#MySql密码忘记后重新设置：
#多次输入密码均不对 [root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) [root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES) [root@bogon ~]# /application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password '789@!@#' #把root的mysql登录密码设置为789@!@# [root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p #输入密码789@!@#，进入mysql Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 6 Server version: 5.5.32 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
基本命令
show databases; //查看系统已存在的数据库
use databasesname; //选择需要使用的数据库
drop database databasename; //删除选定的数据库
exit //退出数据库的连接
create database test01; //建立名为test的数据库
show tables; // 列出当前数据库下的表
其他基本的增删改查使用标准SQL即可
开放远程登录权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
参考：
老男孩
http://blog.csdn.net/xxd851116/article/details/22947891
http://www.xxlinux.com/article/development/database/20121106/18532.html
