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CentOS6.5中怎么利用ROOT用户实现HDFS伪分布式部署，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
hadoop部署
单机 --无进程
伪分布式部署 -- 进程存在+1节点 开发
集群部署 -- 进程存在+n阶段 开发/生产
#hadoop解压
[root@hadoop001 software]# tar -xzvf hadoop-2.8.1.tar.gz
[root@hadoop001 software]# chown -R root:root hadoop-2.8.1
[root@hadoop001 hadoop-2.8.1]# ll
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 bin -- 执行命令shell
drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 etc -- 配置文件
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 include
drwxrwxr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 lib -- 库
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 libexec
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 99253 Jun 2 2017 LICENSE.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 15915 Jun 2 2017 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1366 Jun 2 2017 README.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 sbin -- 启动和关闭hadoop
drwxrwxr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jun 2 2017 share -- jar
#hadoop全局环境变量
[root@hadoop001 hadoop-2.8.1]# vim /etc/profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PROTOC_HOME/bin:$FINDBUGS_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
[root@hadoop001 hadoop-2.8.1]# source /etc/profile
[root@hadoop001 hadoop-2.8.1]# which hadoop
/opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/bin/hadoop
[root@hadoop001 bin]# rm -rf *.cmd
[root@hadoop001 sbin]# rm -rf *.cmd
#配置core-site文件
[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# vim core-site.xml
[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# vim hdfs-site.xml:
#本机ssh验证配置
[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# cd ~
[root@hadoop001 ~]# cd .ssh
[root@hadoop001 .ssh]# ll
total 0
[root@hadoop001 ~]# rm -rf .ssh
[root@hadoop001 ~]# ssh-keygen
[root@hadoop001 ~]# cd .ssh
[root@hadoop001 .ssh]# ll
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 May 14 23:38 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 396 May 14 23:38 id_rsa.pub
[root@hadoop001 .ssh]# cat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
[root@hadoop001 .ssh]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 396 May 14 23:40 authorized_keys
-rw-------. 1 root root 1675 May 14 23:38 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 396 May 14 23:38 id_rsa.pub
#第一次必须操作，本机修改过端口
[root@hadoop001 ~]# ssh localhost date
ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused
[root@hadoop001 ~]# ssh -p2222 localhost date
The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2222 ([::1]:2222)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 09:b9:67:65:cb:e6:ca:31:5d:33:6c:3b:92:9e:c2:1a.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2222' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Mon May 14 23:42:37 EDT 2018
#格式化HDFS文件系统
[root@hadoop001 ~]# which hdfs
/opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/bin/hdfs
[root@hadoop001 ~]# hdfs namenode -format
#启动HDFS文件系统
[root@hadoop001 sbin]# /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [localhost]
localhost: ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused
localhost: ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: ssh: connect to host 0.0.0.0 port 22: Connection refused
#解决port 22错误
[root@hadoop000 hadoop]# vi hadoop-env.sh
添加：export HADOOP_SSH_OPTS="-p 2222"
#解决 ERROR:JAVA_HOME
[root@hadoop000 hadoop]# vi hadoop-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
#启动OK
[root@hadoop001 sbin]# /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/sbin/start-dfs.sh
[root@hadoop001 hadoop]# /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/sbin/start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [localhost]
localhost: starting namenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-hadoop001.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-hadoop001.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/software/hadoop-2.8.1/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-hadoop001.out
#检测与启动
[root@hadoop000 hadoop-2.8.1]# jps
16243 Jps
15943 DataNode
5127 Launcher
16139 SecondaryNameNode
15853 NameNode
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