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怎么在ASP.NET Core中实现一个身份认证功能？针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
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在VS中新建项目，项目类型选择ASP.NET Core Web Application (.NET Core), 输入项目名称为TestBasicAuthor。
接下来选择 Web Application, 右侧身份认证选择：No Authentication
打开Startup.cs
在ConfigureServices方法中加入如下代码：
services.AddAuthorization();
在Configure方法中加入如下代码：
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
{
AuthenticationScheme = "Cookie",
LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Login"),
AccessDeniedPath = new PathString("/Account/Forbidden"),
AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
AutomaticChallenge = true
});完整的代码应该是这样：
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc();
services.AddAuthorization();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
{
AuthenticationScheme = "Cookie",
LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Login"),
AccessDeniedPath = new PathString("/Account/Forbidden"),
AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
AutomaticChallenge = true
});
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
});
}你或许会发现贴进去的代码是报错的，这是因为还没有引入对应的包，进入报错的这一行，点击灯泡，加载对应的包就可以了。
在项目下创建一个文件夹命名为Model，并向里面添加一个类User.cs
代码应该是这样
public class User
{
public string UserName { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}创建一个控制器，取名为：AccountController.cs
在类中贴入如下代码：
[HttpGet]
public IActionResult Login()
{
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public async Task Login(User userFromFore)
{
var userFromStorage = TestUserStorage.UserList
.FirstOrDefault(m => m.UserName == userFromFore.UserName && m.Password == userFromFore.Password);
if (userFromStorage != null)
{
//you can add all of ClaimTypes in this collection
var claims = new List()
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,userFromStorage.UserName)
//,new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email,"emailaccount@microsoft.com")
};
//init the identity instances
var userPrincipal = new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, "SuperSecureLogin"));
//signin
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("Cookie", userPrincipal, new AuthenticationProperties
{
ExpiresUtc = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(20),
IsPersistent = false,
AllowRefresh = false
});
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
else
{
ViewBag.ErrMsg = "UserName or Password is invalid";
return View();
}
}
public async Task Logout()
{
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignOutAsync("Cookie");
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
} 相同的文件里让我们来添加一个模拟用户存储的类
//for simple, I'm not using the database to store the user data, just using a static class to replace it.
public static class TestUserStorage
{
public static List UserList { get; set; } = new List() {
new User { UserName = "User1",Password = "112233"}
};
} 接下来修复好各种引用错误。
完整的代码应该是这样
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using TestBasicAuthor.Model;
using System.Security.Claims;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Authentication;
// For more information on enabling MVC for empty projects, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=397860
namespace TestBasicAuthor.Controllers
{
public class AccountController : Controller
{
[HttpGet]
public IActionResult Login()
{
return View();
}
[HttpPost]
public async Task Login(User userFromFore)
{
var userFromStorage = TestUserStorage.UserList
.FirstOrDefault(m => m.UserName == userFromFore.UserName && m.Password == userFromFore.Password);
if (userFromStorage != null)
{
//you can add all of ClaimTypes in this collection
var claims = new List()
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name,userFromStorage.UserName)
//,new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email,"emailaccount@microsoft.com")
};
//init the identity instances
var userPrincipal = new ClaimsPrincipal(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, "SuperSecureLogin"));
//signin
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("Cookie", userPrincipal, new AuthenticationProperties
{
ExpiresUtc = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(20),
IsPersistent = false,
AllowRefresh = false
});
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
else
{
ViewBag.ErrMsg = "UserName or Password is invalid";
return View();
}
}
public async Task Logout()
{
await HttpContext.Authentication.SignOutAsync("Cookie");
return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
}
}
//for simple, I'm not using the database to store the user data, just using a static class to replace it.
public static class TestUserStorage
{
public static List UserList { get; set; } = new List() {
new User { UserName = "User1",Password = "112233"}
};
}
} 在Views文件夹中创建一个Account文件夹，在Account文件夹中创建一个名位index.cshtml的View文件。
贴入如下代码：